Force Calculator
Calculate force, mass, or acceleration using Newton's Second Law: F = m × a. Enter any two values to find the third.
Enter values above to calculate.
Newton's Second Law Formula
F = m × a
Where:
- F = force (Newtons, N)
- m = mass (kilograms, kg)
- a = acceleration (m/s²)
Rearranged Formulas
m = F / a
a = F / m
a = F / m
Example
Problem: A 5 kg object accelerates at 3 m/s². What is the force?
Solution: F = 5 × 3 = 15 N
Solution: F = 5 × 3 = 15 N
Understanding Force
Force is any interaction that causes an object to change its velocity. One Newton is defined as the force needed to accelerate a 1 kg object at 1 m/s².
FAQ
What is a Newton?
A Newton (N) is the SI unit of force. It equals 1 kg·m/s². Approximately, it's the weight of a small apple (about 100 g under Earth's gravity).
How is weight related to force?
Weight is a special case of force where the acceleration is due to gravity (g ≈ 9.8 m/s²). Weight = mass × g.
Can force be negative?
Yes. Negative force indicates that the force acts in the opposite direction to the defined positive direction.
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Last updated: 2026-08-08